深圳是改革开放后党和人民一手缔造的崭新城市，“感恩改革开放，回报全国人民”，是深圳义不容辞的政治责任。自1990年起，深圳设立经济合作发展基金（下称“市经发基金”），开启了自觉回报全国、对口扶贫帮困的漫长历程。

As a brand-new city created after China’s reform and opening up, Shenzhen has been grateful and felt a responsibility to repay the whole nation. Since 1990, with the establishment of the Shenzhen Economic Cooperation and Development Fund, Shenzhen has embarked on a long journey of repaying the country and helping the poor and needy.

借鉴世界银行等国际组织支援发展中国家和地区的成功经验，1990年4月26日，深圳市人民政府发布了《关于设立深圳市经济合作发展基金的暂行规定》。该规定提出，为拓展横向经济联合的新领域，决定每年从市、区和县可支配收入中提取2%左右的资金，采取优惠（低息）贷款和技术指导等方式，扶持和促进欠发达地区的经济繁荣和科技进步。

Learning from the successful experiences of the World Bank and other international organizations in supporting developing countries and regions, on April 26, 1990, the Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government issued the Interim Provisions on the Establishment of the Shenzhen Economic Cooperation and Development Fund. It stated that in order to expand new areas of horizontal economic integration, about 2% of the disposable income of cities, districts and counties should be allocated each year to support and promote economic prosperity and scientific and technological progress in less-developed areas through preferential (low-interest) loans and technical guidance.

1990年4月26日，深圳市人民政府印发《〈关于设立深圳市经济合作发展基金的暂行规定〉的通知》。

On April 26, 1990, the Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government issued the Interim Provisions on the Establishment of the Shenzhen Economic Cooperation and Development Fund.

值得注意的是，市经发基金并不是有项目就随意“输血”，而是有计划地优先扶持效益好、被国家和广东省列入“星火计划”（“星火计划”是经中国政府批准实施的第一个依靠科学技术促进农村经济发展的计划）或能增加出口创汇的“造血”型项目。1990年10月21日，市经发基金首次向始兴县（广东省韶关市辖县）发放贷款500万元，用于该县造纸厂扩建万吨卡纸生产线工程。该造纸厂是广东省批准建成的骨干企业，市经发基金发放的贷款正好填补了造纸厂在改建扩建工程关键阶段的资金缺口。这笔贷款发放后，对始兴县的经济建设和发展起到了积极作用。有选择的项目扶持，让扶贫帮困工作实现了由“输血”到“造血”经济效益最优化的转变。

It is noteworthy that the fund did not randomly provide loans but gave priority to supporting beneficial projects that were listed in the “Spark Plan” (the first plan approved by the Chinese Government to promote rural economy by relying on science and technology) or that can increase foreign exchange from exports. On October 21, 1990, the fund issued a loan of 5 million yuan to Shixing County of Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province for the expansion of the production lines of its paper mill, which is a key enterprise approved by Guangdong Province. The loan played a positive role in the county’s economic construction and development. By providing loans to selected projects, the work of poverty alleviation transformed from temporarily solving problems to helping projects generate inner productivity for optimal economic benefits.

《经济合作发展基金1990-1999年投放情况汇总表》

Summary of the investment of the Shenzhen Economic Cooperation and Development Fund from 1990 to 1999.

1990年至1999年，市经发基金先后在省内外贫困地区投放资金7.66亿元，扶持经济开发项目324个。1996年5月，深圳市人民政府设立“同富裕工程”基金，与市经发基金分帐一起管理，实行“两个牌子、一套人马”的管理体制。它们的设立与运转，是特区“先富帮后富”的扶贫改革实践，体现了深圳特有的经济辐射能力，走出了一条开发式扶贫的全新道路。

From 1990 to 1999, the fund invested 766 million yuan to support a total of 324 economic development projects in poor areas outside as well as inside the province. In May 1996, the Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government established the Common Prosperity Project Fund, which is managed together with the Economic Cooperation and Development Fund under  the management system of “two names and one organization.” Their establishment and operation is a poverty alleviation reform practice of “those that get rich first help those that get rich later,” which reflects Shenzhen’s unique economic radiation capacity, creating a new road of development-oriented poverty alleviation.

今日互动：经济基础决定上层建筑，深圳市经济合作发展基金成功实现了由“输血”到“造血”经济效益最优化的转变，也显示了深圳作为特区带动扶贫改革实践的龙头作用。您对此有什么了解吗？欢迎留言分享，小i将在留言中选取幸运儿送出小礼物。

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来源：深圳市档案馆、i深圳

Source: Shenzhen Archives, iShenzhen

编译：深圳政府在线、Shenzhen Daily、GDToday

Transedited by: Shenzhen Government Online, Shenzhen Daily, GDToday