细数往来深港的口岸通道, 人们熟知的大多是罗湖、皇岗、文锦渡、沙头角等一线口岸, 很少有人关注到另一种“特殊通道”--供边境居民过境耕作的“过境耕作口”，罗芳、长岭、皇岗、赤尾、新沙、沙嘴……你知道这些“过境耕作口”是为什么存在、又是如何形成的吗？从深圳市档案馆“先行之路---深圳经济特区档案文献展”展出的“深圳市过境耕作证”，我们可以找到一些线索。

We are familiar with ports such as Luohu, Huanggang, Wenjindu and Shatoujiao, but there are also some “special ports” in Shenzhen. These “special ports” are established for cross border farming. Do you know why these ports like Luofang, Changling, Huanggang, Chiwei, Xinsha and Shazui were established? Some clues may be found in the Shenzhen cross border farming permits on exhibit in the “Demonstration Road—the Archives and Documents Exhibition of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone” in the Shenzhen Archives.

《过境耕作证》《耕作口人员出入证》

The cross border farming permit and the entry and exit permit of farming personnel.

鸦片战争后，英国强占香港岛，导致新安县（宝安县前身）一些边区农民的田地被圈在边界线以南的英方地界内，此后就有了生活在深港边界地区的居民过境耕作的现象。

After the forced occupation of Hong Kong Island by the United Kingdom during the Opium War, some lands of farmers who lived in Xin’an County (the predecessor of Bao’an County) were enclosed in the British side on the south of the boundary line, which was the origin of cross border farming.

上世纪五十年代，为提高农民收入，同时发展与香港的小额贸易，宝安县委向广东省提出申请，农民可以凭“耕作证”过境耕作。由于历史原因，过境耕作曾被限制，1976年后重新恢复，那时候几乎每天都能在耕作口看到扛着农具排队过境的农民，人数有时候多达一两百人。

In the 1950s, in order to increase the income of farmers and develop small-scaled trade with Hong Kong, the CPC Bao’an County Committee submitted an application to the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee, stating that the farmers holding cross border farming permits should be allowed to do cross border farming. However, due to historical reasons, cross border farming was later abolished. In 1976, cross border farming was resumed.

1980年，为方便边民过境作业，深港双方就深圳边民过境耕作问题进行会谈并达成共识：深圳农民过境耕种的人数，控制在2000人以内；持“耕作证”过境后，仅限于在港方划定的耕作范围内活动；港方如发现有过境耕作人员超越活动范围或受雇于非农务工种的，可将其拘留并遣返回深圳。

In 1980, to facilitate cross border farming, the Shenzhen and Hong Kong governments reached an agreement that the maximum number of people allowed to participate in cross border farming at any one time was 2,000; people were allowed to cultivate only in the area designated by the Hong Kong government; those who crossed the scale of designated areas or were employed for non-farm work would be detained and returned to Shenzhen by the Hong Kong authorities.

如今，只有住在深圳边境的原住地边民才有资格申领《深圳市过境耕作证》。随着生活水平的不断提高，过境耕作的现象已经越来越少了。

Nowadays, only those whose original residence lies along the Shenzhen-Hong Kong border are eligible to apply for cross border farming permits. With the continuous improvement of living standards, people now cross the border mostly to visit relatives or buy food and daily necessities in Hong Kong, and the need for transit farming is gradually disappearing.

今日互动：“过境耕作口”虽然鲜为人知，但对于曾经经历过的人，也是一段难得的回忆。对于深港生活，您有哪些难忘的故事或者想说的话吗？欢迎留言分享，小i将在留言中选取三位幸运儿送出小礼物。

Today's topic: Few people know the cross border farming port. But for those who have experienced it, it is an unforgettable memory. Do you have any unforgettable stories to share or words to say about living in Shenzhen and Hong Kong? Feel free to leave your comments and three lucky people will receive gifts.

来源：深圳市档案馆、i深圳

Source: Shenzhen Archives, iShenzhen

编译：深圳政府在线、Shenzhen Daily、GDToday

Transedited by: Shenzhen Government Online, Shenzhen Daily, GDToday